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Lessons

Browse through our thousands of Lessons to gain a deeper understanding of swimming. Use our search bar located above or, if you're new to the site, use the Guided View to help narrow down the Lessons presented to you. If you use the Guided View, you’ll also be able to add your Expertise Level as an additional filter.

June 2, 2026 - Open Water

June 2, 2026 - Open Water

First, take a minute to thank and visit Sara Mclarty's Swim Like a Pro website. Open Water Swimming Discussion Glenn introduced a meeting with special guests Sarah McLarty and Craig Beardsley, both University of Florida alums, to discuss open water swimming. He mentioned filming with Brooke Bennett and noted how her stroke has changed due to focusing on open water swimming. Glenn highlighted Sarah's achievements as a 4-year swimmer at University of Florida and her success in triathlons, while introducing Craig's background as an Olympic swimmer and world record holder. The meeting began with Glenn asking Craig to discuss Swim Across America, an event focused on promoting safe open water swimming experiences. Swim Across America Fundraising Events - Find Your Swim here Craig explained that Swim Across America is primarily a fundraising organization that uses open water swimming events to support cancer research, having raised over $100 million since 1987. He emphasized the importance of proper preparation and safety in open water swimming, noting that many participants underestimate the difficulty of transitioning from pool swimming to ocean swims. Glenn shared information about upcoming Swim Across America events across the country, including the Chicago swim in late August, and mentioned his research on the history of open water swimming. Swimming Training Videos Discussion Glenn and Sara discussed swimming training videos, with Sara expressing satisfaction with the current content and recommending that any new videos should challenge swimmers outside their comfort zones. Sara shared her approach to coaching different age groups, explaining how she treats adult swimmers as volunteers who can choose to follow suggestions rather than enforcing strict compliance. Barbara asked about managing swimmers who refuse rest periods during a specific training set, and Sara advised that coaches should respect different motivations for attending practice while encouraging those seeking improvement to follow the suggested approach. Open Water Swimming Regulations Glenn and Sara discussed the importance of respecting people's training choices without making assumptions about their goals, using a social media trend as an example. They then compared rules between triathlon and open water swimming events, noting that while triathlons have specific regulations about touching buoys and boats, Swim Across America events have fewer restrictions except at the start and finish. Glenn mentioned that in longer open water races like a 10-mile swim, participants cannot touch anything during feeding breaks, and Helen confirmed that USA swimming rules prohibit touching the bottom in open water or triathlon events. Open Water Swimming Techniques Glenn, Helen, and Sara discussed open water swimming techniques and safety considerations. They covered topics including USA Swimming rules, body position drills, and the importance of wetsuits for less experienced swimmers. Sara explained her approach to coaching different skill levels, from beginner triathletes to advanced swimmers preparing for World Championship qualifying events. The conversation also touched on sighting techniques in open water, with Sara sharing insights about wave conditions in the Gulf of Florida. Swimming Sighting Techniques Discussion Glenn and Sara discussed teaching methods for swimming sighting techniques, focusing on when and how to stop during swimming to sight buoys. Sara explained that while lifting eyes forward to sight is the faster method, some beginners naturally prefer turning their head to breathe and then rolling eyes forward, and coaches should accommodate natural tendencies rather than forcing a specific method. Sara emphasized the importance of developing consistent breathing and sighting patterns, recommending glancing up every 6-9 strokes to maintain proper course, particularly important in crowded races where swimmers need to avoid collisions. Swimming Techniques and Safety Buoys Glenn and Sara discussed swimming techniques, focusing on proper body positioning and breathing during freestyle swimming. They noted that forward-first movement is faster and more commonly used in competitive swimming, and Sara emphasized the importance of nose exhaling while swimming face-forward. The conversation also covered the evolution of safety buoys in open water swimming events, with Sara explaining the variety of buoy designs now used for safety and tracking purposes in triathlons. Open Water Swimming Strategies Sara and Lana discussed strategies for open water swimming, including when to fight for position versus maintaining safety, and the role of kayakers in long-distance swims. They explained that swimmers should trust their kayakers to set direction while focusing on pace, and described how drafting can provide a 30-40% energy savings when done properly. Lana shared techniques for handling close drafting situations, including looking for foot bubbles and adjusting hand entry to avoid kicking, while also discussing her experience with swim run events where tethering requires even more careful positioning. Open Water Swimming Techniques Glenn and Sara discussed techniques for open water swimming, focusing on cadence, energy management, and the differences between pool and open water swimming. Sara explained that in open water, higher stroke cadence helps maintain momentum due to waves and other disturbances, while in pools, swimmers can afford more extended gliding. She advised preparing for challenging open water events like the Mackinac Island swim by practicing no-walls swimming, sighting, and drafting in the pool. Glenn and Sara agreed to plan a future session to further discuss open water training techniques, and they mentioned upcoming sessions with other swimmers like Jessica Hardy.

Sighting - Sara

Sighting - Sara

Whenever you practice sighting in the pool, make sure you have something to sight. This can be as simple as putting your water bottle, a cone, or a kickboard at the end of the lane. The easiest and surest way to sight is to stop swimming freestyle and do a couple strokes of breaststrokes to find your way, then continue with freestyle. Try to keep moving as you do this, so you don’t lose too much time. The fastest way to sight is to look forward and then turn and grab your breath -- all in one smooth motion. When you look forward, try not to come up too high with your head, because this will make your legs sink and will slow you down. Lift just enough to get your goggles out of the water and take a quick “snapshot” of the buoy, then turn and get your breath. By staying low, you maintain your momentum and body line and you save energy by not having to kick so hard to get going again. A good way to practice this technique is with a short set of 25s, where you sight two or three times on each length. In a longer set, it’s good to throw in a length of sighting on every repeat. If you practice this skill on a regular basis, race-day sighting will seem natural and easy. Another fun way to practice sighting is to pretend that your coach is a big, inflated buoy. It helps if she can wear a bright T-shirt... or hold a big beach ball or traffic cone. As you swim, the coach moves back and forth on the pool deck. When you sight, you have to find the coach. Lift the head forward, scan the horizon for the coach, then turn the head to the side for a breath and continue swimming.

May 10, 2022 - Open Water Sighting

May 10, 2022 - Open Water Sighting

Monday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/392-bonus-open-water-sighting :09 - sight forward, breathe sideways :11 - lead arm extended and the following it around to the breath :13 - turning to breathe protects the mouth :18 - stay down for a couple strokes after the sight to regain balance :28 - mouth not coming out :34 - change in direction - into the current seems like the swimmer is standing still :49 - sight without a breath 1:01 - appearance of speed Tuesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/315-water-polo-drill :10 - Eyes and mouth forward :11 - try to keep the head stable :18 - slight offset head to get the air - less stress in open water - not like water polo for sprint freestyle :25 - initial press with the lead arm is down :30 - look at her kick, this is why she was so good. Most people kick more :39 - set a target Holding up fingers in the EP - moving the cones in long course no lane lines :51 - swimming a bit longer head up builds strength in the neck as well :54 - Orientation of the hand - pressing down Wednesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/314-sighting :15 - Starting with sighting in the pool with a target :24 - breaststroke :33 - head up breaststroke :44 - eyes up to sight - then turn and breathe Surfing on the lead hand - falling into the breath :54 - exaggerating the UP - the price the body pays 1:05 - eyes only up 1:33 - practice sighting with 25s. Just a couple each length 1:44 - if you’re going 100s or 200s… include a length of sighting 2:00 - aim to the coach 2:15 - the moving target 2:23 - changing directions Thursday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3182-may-10-2021-drill-of-the-week-open-water-sighting 1:04 - left hand forward sight - breathe to the right 1:08 - Leverage left breathe right 1:13 - only eyes out 1:23 - right hand forward sight - breathe to the right 1:28 - Leverage right breathe right 1:32 - only eyes out 1:45 - high head breathe right 1:48 - oops 1:54 - high sight mouth closed Head back down 1:57 - breathe to the right 2:19 - Austin - leverage right breathe right 2:28 - Darr - no leverage - right arm down - 2:29 - Eyes finally up when arm is halfway through - left arm in recovery 2:31 - falling over to breath Friday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/331-skills-for-open-water-sighting :13 - left arm leveraging - breathe to the right :18 - left arm leveraging - eyes up mouth under - breathe to the right :33 - slight outward sweep to leverage :46 - picture perfect :57 - picture perfect 1:32 - rotation during sight 2:05 - coming around the buoy and immediately sighting for the next target 2:25 - no set rhythm with sighting - situation dependent 2:27 - when drafting - sight less He’s talking about swimming several hundred meters before sighting - talk about this race - he was so far ahead 2:43 - eyes closed swimming Victory the waiting for 2nd Saturday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/324-practicing-sighting-in-open-water :13 - heading to the target :21 - know which side of the buoy you need to be on :30 - lead with left arm - double pull with right :38 - don’t swim at the buoy :53 - close to the buoy - sight more 1:25 - leverage left breathe left 1:40 - don’t over correct 2:01 - tread water or breaststroke to really get back on course 2:19 - big chop - sight more 2:23 - sight on the top of the wave 2:29 - sight on the top of the wave Sunday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3314-open-water-breaststroke-sighting 1:52 - swim 1:56 - head up breaststroke 2:20 - talking 3:42 - swim 3:46 - dive under - extra pull then UP to sight 4:02 - dive under - extra pull then UP to sight. Escape surface tension Been working on 2 strokes of underwater breaststroke at the freestyle speed - 1 high sight then back to freestyle https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/334-skills-for-open-water-reading-the-pack

Practicing Sighting in Open Water

Practicing Sighting in Open Water

Once you’re swimming, the key is to stay relaxed and keep pointed in the right direction. If you’re headed to a buoy, decide which side it should be on when you get there and swim around it. If you want the buoy on your left, then keep it lined up with your left shoulder as you sight. If you swim straight at the buoy, you can get into trouble and run into it rather than be in a good position to swim around it. And if you come at the buoy from inside the course, you’ll be forced to make a sharp turn and will waste time. As you head to the buoy, sight as often as necessary to keep a straight line. In calm water, you might be able to take 10 or 20 or more strokes without sighting. Remember the sighting technique you practiced in the pool. Sight forward and then breathe to the side immediately after you sight. Lift your head just slightly to sight the buoy, then swing quickly to the side to breathe. When you lift your head to sight, always have an idea of where you’re going to look for the buoy. If you need to correct your direction to the buoy, don’t over-correct. Make a slight change in your angle and then sight again in a couple of strokes. If you think you’re really off course, there’s nothing wrong with treading water or doing a few strokes of breaststroke until you find the buoy. On a windy day with choppy water and waves, you need to make some changes. You may need to sight on every stroke in order to swim the shortest distance. In choppy water or big waves, try to sight when you’re on top of a wave to get the best view.

Skills for Open Water - Sighting

Skills for Open Water - Sighting

I don’t think there’s a clear-cut way... or 100% right way... to sight in open water. Here’s how I do it and it’s worked well for me. And I make a point to practice this on my own for a few minutes at every practice, usually during warmup or warmdown. I sight with my left hand extended forward. As my left hand enters the water, I lift just my eyes to get a sight. All I want to do is get my eyes up. A lot of swimmers want to have their whole face out of the water -- like this. This causes your legs to sink and can be a huge energy drain over the course of a race. All you need to do is get your eyes out of the water. And you want to do this with as little head movement as possible. Notice that I keep my chin tucked and my neck pretty much straight, even as I sight. You can also see that I keep my lead hand up near the surface when I sight. Even when my eyes are above the waterline, my hand is still up there near the surface. This allows me to turn my head, catch a normal breath, and then start a normal pull -- just like in the pool. Here it is again. Left hand enters, extends, and stays near the surface as the eyes come up. I’m not breathing just yet. I turn my head and get my breath HERE...to the side... just like I would in the pool. Then I get my head back down as my lead hand starts to pull and my body starts to rotate. As much as possible, I want a sighting stroke to be the same as a normal stroke in the pool. I don’t want to change my head position or body position when I sight. When I come up to sight, I’m looking for the next turn buoy, to know that I’m in line and swimming straight. I don’t take a set number of strokes between sights. It all depends on the race and the conditions. In heavy chop I might sight every 3 to 5 strokes. If I’m drafting behind someone and I know they’re sighting, I might swim several hundred meters between sights. One way to test how straight you swim is to swim with your eyes closed. Just close your eyes and swim 50 strokes and see if you can swim straight. If you know that you always go a little to the right or left, you can factor that into your race-day sighting. You can also use landmarks to help you swim straight. On the day before a race or during warmup, I usually scope out a landmark or big building on shore, just in case the buoys aren’t big enough to see because of chop or waves. But generally when I sight, I’m looking for the next buoy and setting up my turn, which is the subject of the next chapter.