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All Strokes - Steve Haufler Positioning Techniques

Important Note to the Viewer

LESSONS: 8 VIDEOS

Credits

Credits

Credits Go Swim Positioning Techniques for Teaching Swimming featuring Steve Haufler Starring Steve Haufler Concept Steve Haufler Glenn Mills Barbara Hummel Script Barbara Hummel Narration Steve Haufler Filming Glenn Mills Rachel Stratton Post Production, Film Editing Glenn Mills Rachel Stratton Special Thanks to Orinda Country Club and to the Swimmers! Bill Aden, Montclair Swim Team Bill Brown and Fred Brown, Canyon Pool Swim School Matt Ehrenberger, Orinda Aquatics Scott Mendelssohn, Orinda Country Club Jesus Salcedo, Piedmont Swim Team Go Swim Positioning Techniques for Teaching Swimming Featuring Steve Haufler Copyright (c) 2009 by Go Swim Productions, LLC All rights reserved.

Butterfly Positioning Techniques

Butterfly Positioning Techniques

Butterfly Body Position To teach the correct body position for butterfly, I want the swimmer’s arms to be straight and positioned directly in front of the shoulders or just a little wider. I position her head in neutral so that she’s looking straight down without tucking her chin. Her arms are higher than her ears. Legs are straight and together. When she firsts learns the butterfly arms she will pause in this position after every recovery. I call it the Butterfly Float and this is easy for the swimmer to remember. Butterfly Pull For butterfly, I like to teach the pull before I teach the kick. And I teach them how to recover the arms before I teach them how to pull. So step one is to get them in this position: The swimmer is face down with arms at their sides and arms just floating on the water. The palms are slightly up, and a few inches away from her sides. I have the swimmer do a “snow angel” and just drag the thumbs across the top of the water. The arms should be straight as they recover, and straight after they return to the “Butterfly Float” position. Next I teach the pull, and we start in the butterfly float position. I put my hands over the top of hers and guide her through the pull. I start by going out just a little more, then I make a vertical forearm with her arms. I guide the hands back and in and then round out the finish as the arms go into a “snow angel” recovery and land softly back in the butterfly float position. Next she tries it without my guidance. Butterfly Kick (Body Dolphin) To teach the butterfly kick, which is really a whole-body movement called “body dolphin,” I have the swimmer float face down with arms at their sides. I put one of my arms along her spine with my hand on the back of her head and the other arm gently on her forehead. I just move her through the motion like this. Next, I have the swimmer float face down with arms extended straight above the head in the butterfly float position. Make sure the swimmer’s arms are near the surface of the water, with the arms higher than the ears. Notice how I position and hold her arms to get her started. Next, the swimmer does a number of body dolphins, keeping the hands near the surface and without breathing. The hands may press out a little as her hips rise. This should be encouraged because it helps set up the pull when we add that later. Next, she does just one body dolphin. She goes... float... body dolphin... float -- and keeps her arms higher than her ears. She needs to know what a single body dolphin feels like so she can do the separation drill that’s coming up next. Putting It All Together When the swimmer is ready to put all the parts together, I have her do a Separation Drill. She does the arms only... then a single body dolphin. The pull and the body dolphin are separated. The swimmer starts in a butterfly float position, then pulls, recovers, floats, and then does one body dolphin. This is all done without breathing. The hands should land softly, with arms straight and in front of her shoulders, and with her arms higher than her ears. During the body dolphin, the swimmer keeps her head steady with eyes straight down and arms near the surface. As her hips go up, the hands press out a little and this motion helps set up the next pull. I stabilize the head and control the arms after the entry. Have the swimmer do one cycle, then stop. Next, we try two or more cycles, and we try to blend the body dolphin into the stroke cycle right before the hand entry. Butterfly Breathing To teaching butterfly breathing, I have the swimmer start in the butterfly float position. As soon as she starts her pull I gently guide her head forward and slightly up by placing my flat hands along the sides of her head. Her chin clears the surface of the water so she can get a breath and then she returns her face to the water before her arms enter. I keep the head movement to a minimum, keeping the head in line with the body.

Breaststroke Positioning Techniques

Breaststroke Positioning Techniques

Breaststroke Body Position To teach the correct body position for freestyle -- and this is a glide position -- I extend the swimmer’s arms, fingers together, so that the arms squeeze against the side of the head with the arms higher than the ears. I want her fingers straight forward with her hands angled down with a bend at the wrist. The body is straight and her toes are pointed. Lean her chest deeper in to the water. Breaststroke Kick To teach breaststroke kick, I use a 5-step process. For the first step, the swimmer sits on the side and extends her legs. I want her to know what flexing is and what it feels like, so I push the feet back and flatten them. She feels what this does to the muscles along her leg. When she spreads the toes out it helps her feel the flex position. Now I can teach her the kick while she’s sitting on the side. Her feet drop down and her heels touch the wall. Next she flexes and turns the feet out, then brings the lower leg around and together. For step two in teaching the breaststroke kick, I have the swimmer lie on their belly on a kickboard. First, I hold the lower legs with my fingers on top and my thumb underneath. I say “suit” as I bring her heels up toward her suit and her knees come apart just a little bit – no wider than her shoulders. Then I say “flex” as I flex her feet out. Now watch closely -- I turn my hands palm up as I put my thumbs on her big toes. I put my fingertips on the top side of her feet like this. I’m putting some torque on her feet -- outward and down at the same time. She’s learning the meaning of “flex” and outward rotation. Now I say “circle” as I rotate her lower leg back and around. I say “squeeze” as the feet and legs come together. For step three in teaching breaststroke kick, I do the same thing in the water, keeping the feet under water so she feels the water with her feet. In step four of the learning process for breaststroke kick, I have the swimmer hold a kickboard like this, making sure the eyes look down and that the arms are straight with the elbows higher than the ears. She is doing the flex by herself and I’m controlling the width of her knees as she brings her heels up and as she begins extending her legs back. In step five -- the final step -- we take away the kickboard and the swimmer kicks in the glide position with her arms higher than her ears and straight ahead, hands together and angled down. Make sure the swimmer keeps her chin off her chest. She kicks three times without breathing and with a long glide after each kick. Breaststroke Pull I use a two-step process for teaching the breaststroke pull. In step one, the swimmer is out of the water. I have her lie on her belly with her chin right on or a little back from the edge. She extends her arms straight ahead. She is in the “I” position (long and straight like the letter “I”). I put my hand on her palms like this and have her press her arms out straight to a “Y” position (the body and arms form a shape like the letter “Y”). Now, I keep her elbows up and she presses her forearm to a vertical position with her hands flat against the wall. Next she scrapes the little finger against the wall and inward (Scoop) as the thumbs turn up toward the face. Then she extends her arms forward (Shoot). The positions are: “I” ... “Y” ... “Scoop” ... and “Shoot.” This is easy for the swimmer to remember. For step two in teaching the breaststroke pull, the swimmer gets in the water and begins in the glide position. I use my hands to give her some resistance so that she gets a feel for the correct pull pattern. There’s no breathing yet -- just the pull. Breaststroke Breathing To teach breaststroke breathing, I put my forearm along the swimmer’s spine and my hand on the back of her head. The other hand is flat against her forehead. I move her body as a unit. After she presses out to a “Y” and starts to scoop in, I move her up for a breath as I keep her neck in line with her spine. As she shoots the hands forward, I return her to the glide position. Putting It All Together When the swimmer is ready to put all the parts together, I have her do something called Separation Drill. She does the arms only... then the legs only. The pull and the kick are separated. I have the swimmer do separation drill first without breathing... ... and then with breathing. Then, she just starts her kick a little sooner and we have breaststroke with the correct timing.

Backstroke Positioning Techniques

Backstroke Positioning Techniques

Backstroke Body Position To teach the correct body position for backstroke, I start by having the swimmer float with a relaxed body, with ears in the water. The head should rest in the water with the water line near the edge of the goggles. There should be no tension in the neck, and it’s important that her body is not stiff. The legs should be soft with the toes under water. Backstroke Kick To teach the backstroke kick,I use a 4-step process. For the first step, I have the swimmer sit on the edge and I stand directly in front of her and hold her legs here – with one hand under each ankle. Even though my hands are at her ankles we want the kick to come from the top of the legs, from the thighs. I hold her ankles to make the feet loose and floppy. We want long legs, loose ankles, and an emphasis on pressing down with the kick. Watch her touch the bottom of her feet to my hand that is under water For step two in teaching the backstroke kick, I use a board. The swimmer’s hands should be close together, which makes the shoulders roll in and puts them in the “canoe” position. It’s important to keep the arms straight and you can make this happen by having the swimmer hold the board over her legs. The legs should be near the board but you don’t want her to kick the board up with her knees. In step three, the swimmer progresses to kicking without a board. I’ll have her in the “canoe” position (hands near the top of the legs) and with sculling (hands near the sides). I stand close to her head and hold the head to help her establish a correct body position. I move with her as she kicks, making sure she maintains the correct body position. In step four, I teach backstroke kick with rotation. I stand directly behind the swimmer’s head and hold it gently from underneath. My hand is flat and I simply roll the right side up from the backside of the shoulder, pause, and then roll the right side down from the top of the shoulder. By standing here and guiding the swimmer’s rotation, I make sure that she never pauses while flat on the water. Backstroke Pull When I teach backstroke pull, I start with single-arm backstroke so that I can guide the pull and set the timing. I have her start with the recovery by bringing the thumb side of the hand out of the water first. I lock out her elbows and let gravity shape her hand. I bring her arm directly up over the side of her body and over her shoulder. She should be able to see her hand as it passes directly above her eye. I position myself at the swimmer’s side so I can control her recovery and entry. I’ve found it’s effective to have the swimmer brush her arm along the side of the head as the hand drops back into the entry. I’m slightly flexing her wrist on entry. I drop the arm down, direct the arm out a bit and then set the hand and forearm up for a pull. Now I will put my hand on hers so she can feel what it’s like to catch the water. I hold the swimmer’s head so that her eyes are straight up and her shoulders and arms are like this -- rotated on one side with one arm extended and the other arm at her side with the hand on the side of the leg. I keep the head and the extended arm straight. Once she’s in the correct position, I have her kick for 6 kicks with the arm extended. Then she pulls, pauses, and kicks for 6 kicks with the arm at her side -- and I make sure that her shoulder is up and her body is rotated and ready for the arm to recover. My job is to make sure she keeps the extended arm straight and that she rotates rather than goes flat. By standing here and guiding her body, I can also help her establish a rhythm. When the swimmer can do single-arm backstroke with the left arm and the right arm, with good rotation... ... they’re ready to try backstroke with both arms, and they usually go right into a true backstroke with good rhythm and timing. Putting It All Together (and Preventing Crossover) When the swimmer is ready to put all the parts together, I stand above the swimmer and hold the head like this to give only as much help as she needs to do the stroke correctly... and to prevent crossover. If her arms touch mine, she knows to enter wider. I can also direct or correct the entry like this, by holding her head with one hand and helping the entry with the other. I change hands with every stroke. You’ve got to be quick, but this is a highly effective teaching trick. 


Freestyle Positioning Techniques

Freestyle Positioning Techniques

Freestyle Body Position To teach a balanced body position for freestyle, I press in on the swimmer’s belly button to help flatten her lower back. I put her head in a neutral position so she’s looking straight down without tucking her chin. I make sure her arms are extended and positioned higher than her ears, and that her fingers are straight forward with hands angled down with a slight bend at the wrist. Swimmers have a tendency to angle their fingers up, so it’s important that they get this feeling of a slight flex of the wrist because it gets them ready for an effective pull. Freestyle Kick To teach freestyle kick, I use a 3-step process. For the first step I use the wall. I position the swimmer with one hand holding the edge and the other hand lower on the wall, with fingers pointed down and elbow bent. I place my hands above her knees and create the motion from the hips. I want long legs and loose, floppy ankles. The knees should bend slightly but you usually don’t need to mention this because kids will bend the knees on their own -- and usually too much. For step two in teaching the flutter kick, I use a board. I have the swimmer hold the board with arms straight and pressed against her head. We call this “Position 11.” It’s best to have the swimmer hold the board with the fingers on top and the thumb on the underside. In step three, the swimmer transitions to kicking without a board. She’s still in “Position 11” -- with her arms straight and positioned above her ears and with her head in neutral. “Neutral” means the head is right where it would be if the swimmer were standing up and looking straight ahead. Freestyle Breathing Before I teach freestyle breathing, I want to make sure the swimmer knows how to exhale under water and through their nose. This is a critical skill and if they don’t have it, they will get water up their nose and have a very unpleasant experience. Once they can exhale through their nose, I use a three-step process to teach freestyle breathing. In step one, we use the wall. I have the swimmer hold on to the edge with one hand, with the other arm back by the side. The swimmers breathes away from the leading arm. I position myself on the non-breathing side so I can roll her shoulder and body up on the breathing side. I position my hand on her temple and, without grabbing, gently guide her head to the correct position for a breath...then back to the water where I ask her to look for bubbles. She can hear me say, “Bubbles!” Remember to keep the instructions simple. For step two, I have the swimmer extend her lead arm away from the wall while the other hand -- the one back by her side -- holds on to the wall. Her feet are on the wall. Keep the lead arm up near the surface of the water and have the swimmer roll the side of the head -- the area behind the ear -- on to the arm. I position my flat hand on her temple and gently guide her head to the side and press it against the arm. For step three, we move away from the wall and I position the swimmer so that the lead arm is straight out front and near the surface. Her other arm is back by her side with the hand along the side of her leg. She breathes away from her lead arm (left arm) and toward her other shoulder (the right shoulder). She starts with eyes straight down and then her head rotates to the side for a breath. Notice how I have her right should UP, which is the side she’ll breathe to. I keep her body in a straight line before I let her go on her own. When she starts to kick, shell be kicking slightly to the side. Freestyle Pull I use a two-step process to teach the freestyle pull with breathing. For step one, I use a board. One hand holds the board and the other hand is off to the side. This is a much better position in which to begin a pull than if both hands were on the board. If the pulling hand starts on the board there’s a tendency to pull the hand back by leading with the elbow. We want to avoid that. I assist her first with the timing and technique of the breathing. I stand to the non-breathing side so I can turn her head. I wait until her arm is about half way through the pull before I gently roll her head to the side. It’s important that she returns the pulling arm back to where it started -- along side of the board -- and that she pauses there and kicks before pulling again. I also assist her with her pull. I put my hand directly over the top of hers and guide her forearm to a vertical position and then direct it back toward the side of the leg while keeping her elbow high. Step two for teaching the pull is to offer some resistance to the swimmer’s hand so that she can feel what it’s like to catch the water. This is “catch-up” freestyle in “Position 11” with my hands turned up with our palms touching under water. As I drop one hand down, the swimmer pulls one arm back and comes back around to the same position. After the arms are back in “Position 11,” I drop the other hand down and she begins to pull with the other arm. I tell the swimmer to have a Breathing Arm and a Bubble Arm. It’s easy for them to remember. Or, I say “Pull and breathe...pull and don't breathe.” Keep the instruction simple and short so they can understand you... even when their head is in the water. Putting It All Together (and Preventing Crossover) When the swimmer is ready to put all the parts together, I have her do no-breathing freestyle as I hold her head. Remember to be aware of the swimmer’s need to breathe. You can see that if she crosses over on her entry, she will hit my arms. She must enter her hands outside my arms and ideally right in front of her same-side shoulder. Once they know what a correct stroke feels like, with you guiding the breathing, you can let go and have them breathe whenever they need air.

Introduction by Steve Haufler

Introduction by Steve Haufler

Hello. My name is Steve Haufler. Ever since I started teaching -- more than 30 years ago -- I’ve had a passion for finding the most effective ways to teach people how to swim. In this video I want to share with you the single most important concept that has helped me be a better teacher. The concept is simple -- it’s all about how you position your body when you teach your students... and how you guide their movements. Once you try this simple concept for yourself, and see the results, you will know that you’ve reached a new level as a teacher. I’ve seen this happen with dozens of my assistant coaches and swim-school instructors that I’ve trained. This video can help you immediately to become a more effective teacher. It’s all about getting you and your student into the right position so that learning can take place. In this video I want you to watch not only what I teach, but also how I teach and what I say. I’ll demonstrate a 5-step progression for teaching each of the four strokes. For each step, watch how I position my body so that I can get the swimmer into the best position to execute a correct swimming motion. My goal when teaching is to make sure the swimmer experiences correct movements and only correct movements. This is called kinesthetic teaching. If the swimmer experiences only correct movements, there will be almost no bad habits to correct later on. Most students will not swim correctly on their own. It’s up to you to hold, stabilize, and manipulate their bodies so that they do swim correctly -- right from the start. All this takes is an awareness of where to stand and how to use your hands so that you can guide your student’s through the proper kicking, pulling, recovery, and breathing movements in all four strokes. I’ll also show you how to provide resistance to your swimmers’ movements so that they learn what it feels like, within their muscles, to swim correctly. The idea is for you, the teacher, to help them experience what happens when they perform the skill correctly. By speeding the learning process, you will see amazing results. Before we get started, I want to share with you my ten habits of effective teaching. These are the things I try to do with every student and at every lesson. If you can incorporate these into your teaching, I guarantee you will become a more effective teacher. They are... One: Teach one on one...even in a group lesson. Swimmers learn better, faster, and more completely when they have your full attention, and when you can position their legs, arms, and bodies to make correct movements. Even in a group setting, you can find ways to teach one on one. Two: Teach eye to eye. Get in the water when you teach and teach from an eye-to-eye position. Get down to the swimmer’s level. Better yet, go under water and look at the swimmer’s technique. Three: Talk to your students...and use their name. Tell them exactly what you want them to do and keep talking to them even when they’re under water. They can hear you! Four: Keep it simple. Teach with simple phrases that your students can remember. Boil your key instructions down to two or three words. Repeat the phrases and have your students repeat them back to you. Five: Keep it positive. Tell them what you want them to do rather than what not to do. And when they do something right, even the most basic thing, be sure to tell them. Six: Know where you’re headed in terms of stroke technique. You must know the end result you want to achieve, and have a basic path or teaching progression that will take you there. You need to know what to tell your students to do. To know the end result -- to know what an efficient stroke looks like -- you must watch videos of world-class swimmers. Ideal resources are any of the Go Swim DVDs featuring Olympic swimmers. To develop your teaching progression for each stroke, this video will get you started, but you’ll find even more ideas in my earlier DVDs on Teaching Progressions and Mirrors, Tools, and Toys.