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Lessons

Browse through our thousands of Lessons to gain a deeper understanding of swimming. Use our search bar located above or, if you're new to the site, use the Guided View to help narrow down the Lessons presented to you. If you use the Guided View, you’ll also be able to add your Expertise Level as an additional filter.

June 2, 2026 - Open Water

June 2, 2026 - Open Water

First, take a minute to thank and visit Sara Mclarty's Swim Like a Pro website. Open Water Swimming Discussion Glenn introduced a meeting with special guests Sarah McLarty and Craig Beardsley, both University of Florida alums, to discuss open water swimming. He mentioned filming with Brooke Bennett and noted how her stroke has changed due to focusing on open water swimming. Glenn highlighted Sarah's achievements as a 4-year swimmer at University of Florida and her success in triathlons, while introducing Craig's background as an Olympic swimmer and world record holder. The meeting began with Glenn asking Craig to discuss Swim Across America, an event focused on promoting safe open water swimming experiences. Swim Across America Fundraising Events - Find Your Swim here Craig explained that Swim Across America is primarily a fundraising organization that uses open water swimming events to support cancer research, having raised over $100 million since 1987. He emphasized the importance of proper preparation and safety in open water swimming, noting that many participants underestimate the difficulty of transitioning from pool swimming to ocean swims. Glenn shared information about upcoming Swim Across America events across the country, including the Chicago swim in late August, and mentioned his research on the history of open water swimming. Swimming Training Videos Discussion Glenn and Sara discussed swimming training videos, with Sara expressing satisfaction with the current content and recommending that any new videos should challenge swimmers outside their comfort zones. Sara shared her approach to coaching different age groups, explaining how she treats adult swimmers as volunteers who can choose to follow suggestions rather than enforcing strict compliance. Barbara asked about managing swimmers who refuse rest periods during a specific training set, and Sara advised that coaches should respect different motivations for attending practice while encouraging those seeking improvement to follow the suggested approach. Open Water Swimming Regulations Glenn and Sara discussed the importance of respecting people's training choices without making assumptions about their goals, using a social media trend as an example. They then compared rules between triathlon and open water swimming events, noting that while triathlons have specific regulations about touching buoys and boats, Swim Across America events have fewer restrictions except at the start and finish. Glenn mentioned that in longer open water races like a 10-mile swim, participants cannot touch anything during feeding breaks, and Helen confirmed that USA swimming rules prohibit touching the bottom in open water or triathlon events. Open Water Swimming Techniques Glenn, Helen, and Sara discussed open water swimming techniques and safety considerations. They covered topics including USA Swimming rules, body position drills, and the importance of wetsuits for less experienced swimmers. Sara explained her approach to coaching different skill levels, from beginner triathletes to advanced swimmers preparing for World Championship qualifying events. The conversation also touched on sighting techniques in open water, with Sara sharing insights about wave conditions in the Gulf of Florida. Swimming Sighting Techniques Discussion Glenn and Sara discussed teaching methods for swimming sighting techniques, focusing on when and how to stop during swimming to sight buoys. Sara explained that while lifting eyes forward to sight is the faster method, some beginners naturally prefer turning their head to breathe and then rolling eyes forward, and coaches should accommodate natural tendencies rather than forcing a specific method. Sara emphasized the importance of developing consistent breathing and sighting patterns, recommending glancing up every 6-9 strokes to maintain proper course, particularly important in crowded races where swimmers need to avoid collisions. Swimming Techniques and Safety Buoys Glenn and Sara discussed swimming techniques, focusing on proper body positioning and breathing during freestyle swimming. They noted that forward-first movement is faster and more commonly used in competitive swimming, and Sara emphasized the importance of nose exhaling while swimming face-forward. The conversation also covered the evolution of safety buoys in open water swimming events, with Sara explaining the variety of buoy designs now used for safety and tracking purposes in triathlons. Open Water Swimming Strategies Sara and Lana discussed strategies for open water swimming, including when to fight for position versus maintaining safety, and the role of kayakers in long-distance swims. They explained that swimmers should trust their kayakers to set direction while focusing on pace, and described how drafting can provide a 30-40% energy savings when done properly. Lana shared techniques for handling close drafting situations, including looking for foot bubbles and adjusting hand entry to avoid kicking, while also discussing her experience with swim run events where tethering requires even more careful positioning. Open Water Swimming Techniques Glenn and Sara discussed techniques for open water swimming, focusing on cadence, energy management, and the differences between pool and open water swimming. Sara explained that in open water, higher stroke cadence helps maintain momentum due to waves and other disturbances, while in pools, swimmers can afford more extended gliding. She advised preparing for challenging open water events like the Mackinac Island swim by practicing no-walls swimming, sighting, and drafting in the pool. Glenn and Sara agreed to plan a future session to further discuss open water training techniques, and they mentioned upcoming sessions with other swimmers like Jessica Hardy.

Apr 12, 2022 - Open Water Safe Spaces Zoom

Apr 12, 2022 - Open Water Safe Spaces Zoom

Monday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/298-back-balance :12 - correct body balance - head back hips up :30 - hands at the sides, lean back until the water touches the sides of the goggles :41 - slight tilt - always thinking of the nostrils :57 - hips up - knees at the surface 1:11 - tilting the head back can drop the hips and expose the nostrils 1:21 - good balance can allow you to fix your goggles while still moving Tuesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3265-front-to-back-rotational-balance 1:43 - start in Position 11 1:52 - drop one arm and rotate all the way over to your back with the other arm extended Roll like a log 1:57 - bring the trailing arm up and across your body If the body is balanced, it will fall back over to face down Position 11 2:04 - repeat the the other side 4:07 - incorporating it into freestyle Rotating to a safe space Wednesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3266-back-home-base-with-propulsion 2:36 - freestyle to rotating to the back at 2:46 just as in the previous video 2:47 - drop the lead arm down to the side, now both arms down 2:49 - using a flutter kick, start sculling or pushing with the hands to maintain forward momentum while safer on your back 2:57 - after you’ve regained your breath (composure), roll back over to more strokes of freestyle 3:10 - in rhythm, roll to the back position with both hands back Scull and kick in a safe position 3:38 - slowed down Thursday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/2771-rotating-to-air-on-both-sides 1:54 - easy rotation MUST start with a balanced body Starting with low breaths like swimming in a pool 2:19 - additional rotation for open water breathing Same tempo - Same water speed 2:25 - rotate the head early for the additional turn 2:29 - both goggles out Friday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3314-open-water-breaststroke-sighting 1:51 - swimming slow freestyle 1:56 - head up breaststroke sighting 2:01 - I must maintain the same speed in the EP, while you’ll be able to slow down in open water 2:08 - back to freestyle after you know exactly where you’re going 2:22 - can even talk to your friends in this position 3:40 - faster water 3:46 - dive under and escape the surface 3:47 - breaststroke under and then… 3:49 - explosive high breath 3:50 - down to the line 3:52 - 2nd high (the confirmation) sight 3:54 - back to line and transition back to freestyle 4:18 - repeat 5:22 - don’t even have to get the mouth up Old style breaststroke Saturday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/906-step-7-combat-side-stroke :27 - extended balance nose down :42 - you can use the lead arm to push up to air Then fall back down - pull and extend while still on your side :51 - push off in extended balance 1:04 - during breath - pull back with the lead hand and recover the trailing hand 1:10 - the hands should meet at the sternum 1:12 - when the hands come together, start drawing the legs 1:18 - initiate and scissor kick while pulling the hand back Watch how long the swimmer glides at this point 1:32 - a resistive position that’s about to become propulsive 1:51 - driving into the line Less is more - ride the line! Sunday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/322-safety-first :08 - swim with a partner :26 - in the ocean - swim near a guard :38 - watch for warning signs :45 - inspect the bottom for rocks shells or anything that can cut :51 - check the slope - how fast does it fall away :59 - plan your route 1:14 - if heading toward a buoy, are you going to the left or the right? 1:21 - practice buoy turns in your pool 1:25 - weigh down a ball 1:32 - in the beginning of your open water experience - stay close to the shore 1:50 - plan the beginning and end - look for landmarks to sight on 2:05 - have a guide and someone escorting the group in a kayak

May 10, 2022 - Open Water Sighting

May 10, 2022 - Open Water Sighting

Monday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/392-bonus-open-water-sighting :09 - sight forward, breathe sideways :11 - lead arm extended and the following it around to the breath :13 - turning to breathe protects the mouth :18 - stay down for a couple strokes after the sight to regain balance :28 - mouth not coming out :34 - change in direction - into the current seems like the swimmer is standing still :49 - sight without a breath 1:01 - appearance of speed Tuesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/315-water-polo-drill :10 - Eyes and mouth forward :11 - try to keep the head stable :18 - slight offset head to get the air - less stress in open water - not like water polo for sprint freestyle :25 - initial press with the lead arm is down :30 - look at her kick, this is why she was so good. Most people kick more :39 - set a target Holding up fingers in the EP - moving the cones in long course no lane lines :51 - swimming a bit longer head up builds strength in the neck as well :54 - Orientation of the hand - pressing down Wednesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/314-sighting :15 - Starting with sighting in the pool with a target :24 - breaststroke :33 - head up breaststroke :44 - eyes up to sight - then turn and breathe Surfing on the lead hand - falling into the breath :54 - exaggerating the UP - the price the body pays 1:05 - eyes only up 1:33 - practice sighting with 25s. Just a couple each length 1:44 - if you’re going 100s or 200s… include a length of sighting 2:00 - aim to the coach 2:15 - the moving target 2:23 - changing directions Thursday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3182-may-10-2021-drill-of-the-week-open-water-sighting 1:04 - left hand forward sight - breathe to the right 1:08 - Leverage left breathe right 1:13 - only eyes out 1:23 - right hand forward sight - breathe to the right 1:28 - Leverage right breathe right 1:32 - only eyes out 1:45 - high head breathe right 1:48 - oops 1:54 - high sight mouth closed Head back down 1:57 - breathe to the right 2:19 - Austin - leverage right breathe right 2:28 - Darr - no leverage - right arm down - 2:29 - Eyes finally up when arm is halfway through - left arm in recovery 2:31 - falling over to breath Friday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/331-skills-for-open-water-sighting :13 - left arm leveraging - breathe to the right :18 - left arm leveraging - eyes up mouth under - breathe to the right :33 - slight outward sweep to leverage :46 - picture perfect :57 - picture perfect 1:32 - rotation during sight 2:05 - coming around the buoy and immediately sighting for the next target 2:25 - no set rhythm with sighting - situation dependent 2:27 - when drafting - sight less He’s talking about swimming several hundred meters before sighting - talk about this race - he was so far ahead 2:43 - eyes closed swimming Victory the waiting for 2nd Saturday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/324-practicing-sighting-in-open-water :13 - heading to the target :21 - know which side of the buoy you need to be on :30 - lead with left arm - double pull with right :38 - don’t swim at the buoy :53 - close to the buoy - sight more 1:25 - leverage left breathe left 1:40 - don’t over correct 2:01 - tread water or breaststroke to really get back on course 2:19 - big chop - sight more 2:23 - sight on the top of the wave 2:29 - sight on the top of the wave Sunday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3314-open-water-breaststroke-sighting 1:52 - swim 1:56 - head up breaststroke 2:20 - talking 3:42 - swim 3:46 - dive under - extra pull then UP to sight 4:02 - dive under - extra pull then UP to sight. Escape surface tension Been working on 2 strokes of underwater breaststroke at the freestyle speed - 1 high sight then back to freestyle https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/334-skills-for-open-water-reading-the-pack

Jan 3, 2023 - Hit the January Reset Button

Jan 3, 2023 - Hit the January Reset Button

As you choose your key meets and athletic events for 2023, and set your performance goals, don’t forget to think beyond the numbers, splits, and yardage. This week, we look at how hitting REFRESH on basic swimming technique can speed you toward your goals. Monday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/2983-3-point-pop-up :07 - first.. establish the proper streamline :11 - maintain that body line to the surface :12 - everything rises to the surface at the same time :17 - be patient and ride out the glide :22 - stabilize and stay rigid :25 - feel the pop-up at the surface :41 - when the torso hits, watch the rigidity of the feet :46 - be careful of the stabilizing from the feet Tuesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/1842-martin-liivamagi-freestyle-below-water :25 - when the slow-mo comes in :28 - initiate first stroke with the right arm :31 - initiate first stroke with the left arm :33 - go to air on the first stroke of the 2nd arm :34 - look at how low the first breath is 1:04 - right arm first stroke 1:08 - breathe on the first stroke of the 2nd arm Wednesday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/308-bilateral-breathing :09 - showing every 3rd :23 - watch the breath off the wall :38 - watch how early she goes to air :48 - nearly pushing the shoulder out of the way 1:14 - being able to sight to the side to both sides 1:33 - do not breathe INTO the waves 1:47 - do not breathe INTO the chop of another swimmer 2:19 - if you’re not used to it, do some neck stretches 2:39 - late breath to weak side 3:12 - breath variations - 2 one side… then 3… then 2 other side 3:44 - switch sides in the middle 3:58 - every 3 every 1 4:12 - every 3 every 1 Thursday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/1008-freestyle-discovering-efficiency-step-2 :10 - Cross body connection kick :40 - more lope type breathing with big kick :50 - a more relaxed 50 getting the stroke count Count was 13-14 - 35 1:27 - 2nd 50 Count was 13-14 - 34 2:02 - 3rd 50 Count was 13-14 - 31 2:36 - 4th 50 Count was 13-14 - 29 2:48 - long wall 3:04 - long finish Friday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/2417-freestyle-flip-turn :06 - tuck the head :11 - point the toes on exit :18 - look how early the eyes go down :20 - palms down :36 - head completely under :50 - swimming through the turn 1:01 - turns onto his back 1:05 - torques the body off the wall 1:12 - TIGHT tuck 1:22 - heals never touch the wall 1:49 - safety first 2:09 - full speed turn Saturday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/2682-sideways-open-turn :19 - straight over :46 - what is the path of the hand? 1:33 - head turned sideways 1:55 - use the head to protect the mouth 2:05 - hand release higher 2:16 - lower head 2:23 - head protects the mouth 2:38 - hand slightly lower 2:51 - head protects the mouth 3:00 - lower hand Sunday https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/555-underwater-dolphin-back :04 - Kaitlyn :06 - look at the head laid back position :09 - look for the max amplitude of the legs :22 - toes always pointed :26 - watch the up and down kick BONUS Tight Tucks: Golomeev https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/2272-jump-flip :15 - slow-mo Berens https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/1620-flip-turns-slow-motion :23 - downward angle of the push Sideways Open Turn: Katsoulis https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/1829-sarah-katsoulis-breaststroke-turn :17 - slightly offset hands :43 - head protects the mouth Almeida https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/1253-turns-super-slow-motion :20 - head protects mouth :21 - hand drag :47 - full turn Up Your Data Game: https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/3451-data-testing-underwater-dolphins 1:59 - breakout 2:52 - breakout Underwater Dolphin: https://www.goswim.tv/lessons/1690-turns-learning-the-underwater-dolphin-step-5 :27 - direct line

Freestyle Technique - Kick from the Hip Flexors

Freestyle Technique - Kick from the Hip Flexors

It doesn’t matter whether you use a 2-beat, 4-beat, 6-beat, or even a crossover kick (like I’m using here). The one constant is that you should kick from your hip flexors -- the muscles at the TOP of your legs -- and not from your knees. When I kick, I try to use a whole-leg motion and I try to rotate my hips as I swim. When I’m swimming at aerobic pace, I use a crossover kick. It’s not a typical kick, and I wouldn’t necessarily recommend it, but it works for me because it helps keep my hips up and helps me rotate my hips. Here’s another angle where you can see the crossover kick -- my feet cross over with each stroke. I use this kick when I’m in drafting mode and when I need to maintain proper body position. When I switch gears and go into anaerobic and threshold swimming, my feet go to a normal 6-beat kick, which means that I take three kicks for every armstroke. I train both the crossover and the 6-beat kick in practice. But I make sure that every time I’m swimming at threshold pace or above, I’m using a 6-beat kick. This is how I train for having good closing speed at the end of a race or when I’m trying to break away or respond to a breakaway. In this last clip, I’ll start with a crossover kick and switch to a 6-beat kick in the middle of the length. This is a great drill to help build your kick and to help you learn to switch gears in the middle of a race. Start with whatever kick you use for aerobic swimming, and then switch to a 6-beat kick at the end of the length. One more word about the kick is: Don’t give up. Lots of swimmers get discouraged when they can’t kick fast on a board. Stretching your hip flexors might help, and here’s an example of one exercise you could try. Try kicking from the hip flexors -- from the top of the leg. And use the whole leg instead of kicking just from the knee.

Skills for Open Water - Finishes

Skills for Open Water - Finishes

There are two types of finishes in open water. One is a beach finish where you have to run out... ...and the other is an in-water finish. Usually you’ll have a platform you have to reach up and touch. The constant for both of these finishes is to make sure you know where the finish is and that you hold your line and swim the shortest distance possible. For a beach finish, you also need to know when you can start to dolphin dive...and when you can stand up and run. Always scope out the finish in advance -- either the day before the race or during warmups. Know what you’re looking for --maybe balloons or a platform or some kind of an arch -- and then look for something behind it. This could be a building or a tower or an unusual tree. Get a picture in your mind of how the finish and the landmark will look when you’re out in the water several hundred meters away. And then on race day...make sure you swim or run straight into the finish. Swim the shortest distance possible. You can also ride the waves into the finish. Open-water swimming is all about taking advantage of drafting and other conditions, so if there are waves coming in – USE THEM. You can be in 3rd, 4th, or 5th place as you come to the finish…and if you can catch a wave you can pass everybody. Riding the waves takes some practice, but you basically want to take a breath and sneak a look back. Then get into a tight streamline just in front of the wave and hold your streamline as the wave carries you in. Then you can pop up and start running up to the beach to the finish.

Dolphin Dives

Dolphin Dives

Dolphin Dives, sometimes called Porpoise Dives, are a fast way to get through shallow water and into deeper water where you can start to swim. To practice these at the pool, you need a zero-entry situation... ...or a shallow end that’s 3 to 5 feet deep. When Sara dolphin dives, she uses the bottom of the pool in two ways. She uses it to propel herself forward with her hands... and uses it to push off with her feet. As she pushes off the bottom with her feet, Sara gets her head between her arms, then arcs up and over the surface, keeping her arms almost in streamline as she aims forward and down. When her hands touch the bottom, Sara uses the flat surface to launch herself forward. It’s as if she was doing a butterfly pull, using the bottom of the pool to give her some extra propulsion. As the hands push back, Sara tucks up her legs and gets ready to push off again with her feet. As the feet push off, the arms swing out of the water and over the surface. It’s as if she was swimming butterfly with her arms, using her feet to help launch the arms out of the water and forward into the next dive. Here’s another view where you can see how Sara uses the bottom to pull herself forward and then uses it as a launching pad to spring up and forward over the water. When done correctly, dolphin dives are faster than swimming or walking through shallow water, and are a good way to start your race if the bottom conditions allow it. Like so many open-water techniques, it’s best to practice this in the controlled environment of a pool before taking it to open water, which is what we’ll do in the next part of this video.

Freestyle - Open-Water Breathing

Freestyle - Open-Water Breathing

With summer and the open-water season fast approaching, here's a quick technique to help you get air in the chop, while not causing you any extra effort. Why Do It: When swimming in open water, there are a few ways to get air.... You can lift your head higher in the water as you site. You can lift your head higher when you breathe -- like an out-of-balance breath, Or you can rotate your body and head more so you're looking directly up. The idea is to make sure your mouth is above water when you start to inhale, while not creating too much extra work when you do this. How to Do It: 1. Start by getting a feel for where you want to be during the breath. To do this, practice balanced kicking on your side, face up. Notice that in order to remain balanced in this position, your head and body spin farther than usual. The good news is that it's easy to kick in this position. 2. Now swim freestyle, pausing for only 3 breaths in your balanced kicking position. Pausing for a few breaths here confirms that you're still balanced, moving forward, and getting air. 3. Take out the pause, but continue to over-rotate just a bit, so that your eyes and mouth are pointing skyward. How to Do It Really Well (the Fine Points): Make sure you practice this to both sides, and one trick is to look behind you just a bit during the breath. When you rotate this far to air, try to keep your rhythm consistent. To do this, try leading to air with your head, almost having it push your shoulder out of the way.